recent advances in treatment of acute organophosphorous nerve agents poisoning

Authors

m balali-mood

k balali-mood

f hosseini shirazi

abstract

organophosphorous (op) chemical warfare nerve agents mainly sarin and tabun were used during the iran-iraq war with high mortalities. in addition to atropine and oximes, the followings have recently been used successfully for the treatment of op poisoning. 1. sodium bicarbonate: infusion of high doses of sodium bicarbonate (5 meq/kg in 60 min. followed by 5-6 meq/kg/day to obtain arterial blood ph of 7.45 to 7.55) revealed positive effects in patients with acute op poisoning in mashhad. 2. magnesium sulfate: intravenous magnesium sulfate in a dose of 4 g only on the first day after admission was also effective in acute human op poisoning. 3. antioxidants: the toxicity of op compounds is mediated by generation of nitric oxide and other free radicals. these toxic molecules can be counteracted by antioxidants such as vitamins c and e, spin traps, melatonin and low molecule weight thiols. the latter compounds can also increase the synthesis of glutathione, which can both ameliorate the op-induced oxidative stress and enhance op detoxification. it is concluded sodium bicarbonate, magnesium sulfate and the antioxidants should be added to the standard treatment of op poisonings.

Upgrade to premium to download articles

Sign up to access the full text

Already have an account?login

similar resources

Recent Advances In Treatment of Acute Organophosphorous Nerve Agents Poisoning

Organophosphorous (OP) chemical warfare nerve agents mainly sarin and tabun were used during the Iran-Iraq war with high mortalities. In addition to atropine and oximes, the followings have recently been used successfully for the treatment of OP poisoning. 1. Sodium Bicarbonate: Infusion of high doses of sodium bicarbonate (5 mEq/kg in 60 min. followed by 5-6 mEq/kg/day to obtain arterial blood...

full text

Recent Advances In Treatment of Acute Organophosphorous Nerve Agents Poisoning

Organophosphorous (OP) chemical warfare nerve agents mainly sarin and tabun were used during the Iran-Iraq war with high mortalities. In addition to atropine and oximes, the followings have recently been used successfully for the treatment of OP poisoning. 1. Sodium Bicarbonate: Infusion of high doses of sodium bicarbonate (5 mEq/kg in 60 min. followed by 5-6 mEq/kg/day to obtain arterial blood...

full text

Recent Advances in the Treatment of Organophosphorous Poisonings

Organophosphorous compounds have been employed as pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. Toxicity of organophosphorous compounds is a result of excessive cholinergic stimulation through inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase. Clinical manifestations include cholinergic syndromes, central nervous system and cardiovascular disorders. Organophosphorous pesticide poisonings are common in develo...

full text

recent advances in the treatment of organophosphorous poisonings

organophosphorous compounds have been employed as pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. toxicity of organophosphorous compounds is a result of excessive cholinergic stimulation through inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase. clinical manifestations include cholinergic syndromes, central nervous system and cardiovascular disorders. organophosphorous pesticide poisonings are common in develo...

full text

Recent Advances in the Treatment of Organophosphorous Poisonings

Organophosphorous compounds have been employed as pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents. Toxicity of organophosphorous compounds is a result of excessive cholinergic stimulation through inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase. Clinical manifestations include cholinergic syndromes, central nervous system and cardiovascular disorders. Organophosphorous pesticide poisonings are common in develo...

full text

recent advances in the clinical management of lead poisoning.

lead poisoning is a historic universal disease. acute or chronic lead exposure may cause reversible or even permanent damages in human beings. environmental lead exposure is a global health concern in children. occupational lead poisoning is still a health issue, particularly in developing countries. during the last decades, new methods and medications have been advocated for the prevention and...

full text

My Resources

Save resource for easier access later


Journal title:
iranian journal of pharmaceutical research

جلد ۲۰۰۶، شماره ۴، صفحات ۷۹-۸۷

Hosted on Doprax cloud platform doprax.com

copyright © 2015-2023